Pedogenesis of high-mountain soils in the Serra da Mantiqueira, Brazil

Rafael Cipriano Silva, Carlos Roberto Pinheiro Júnior, Antonio Carlos Azevedo, Melania Melo Viziane, Marcos Gervasio Pereira, Eduardo Carvalho da Silva Neto

Resumo


In the Serra da Mantiqueira region the pedogenetic studies contribute both to understanding past events and to assisting in the conservation of natural resources. This study aimed to characterize soils of high-mountain region of Minas Gerais to evaluate the influence of paleoenvironmental conditions on pedogenesis. Five profiles were selected and characterized for morphological, physical and chemical properties. Isotopic analyses of 13C were performed in soil samples collected at depths of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80 and 100 cm; except in P2, which was collected up to 60 cm deep. Erratic distribution of the particle-size fractions and of C contents, highlights the sedimentary nature of the profiles, resulting from the erosive action favored by the relief. High contents of organic C in subsurface and accumulation in surface were observed in the profiles, which characterizes the process of melanization. In profiles P2, P4 and P5 (Regosols) the brownish color indicates the xanthization process, while in P1 (Lixisol), is highlighted the process of eluviation and illuviation resulting in the increase of clay in subsurface and presence of clay films. In P3 (Ferralsol), the low values of sum of bases, silica removal and ki index values below 1 point to the advanced weathering and the allitization process. The variation in the isotopic signature of δ13C indicates a drier past condition, with mixed vegetation, with gradual change of vegetation with predominant C3 photosynthetic pathway. In P1 and P4, the decrease in the contents of δ13C in surface results from anthropic action.


Palavras-chave


Pedoenvironment; Altitude soils; Carbon;Humic horizon.

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